by Most Venerable Thich Quang Ba

Not only that in this paper I will brief the audience a whole picture of how many exile Vietnamese bikkhunis (as well as hundreds of bikkhus) could survive, revive, re-establish and redevelop their thousands-year-old monastic/ordained communities after risking their life on high seas or landmines fleeing Vietnam for freedom during 70s to 90s, but I will also discuss options and manners that I believe active Sangha bodies in the West could consider to apply for establishing or re-establishing thriving Bikkhuni communities there.